Epitalon, also known as Epithalon or Epithalone, is a tetrapeptide, Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly (AEDG), which was synthesized based on the amino acids composition of Epithalamin, a bovine pineal gland extract, prior to its discovery in pineal gland polypeptide complex solution. During the last 25 years, this compound has been extensively studied using in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods. The results of these studies indicate significant geroprotective and neuroendocrine effects of Epitalone, resulting from its antioxidant, neuro-protective, and antimutagenic effects, originating from both specific and nonspecific mechanisms. Although it has been demonstrated that Epitalon exerts, among other effects, a direct influence on melatonin synthesis, alters the mRNA levels of interleukin-2, modulates the mitogenic activity of murine thymocytes, and enhances the activity of various enzymes, including AChE, BuChE, and telomerase, it remains uncertain whether these are the sole mechanisms of action of this compound. Moreover, despite the considerable volume of research on the biological and pharmacodynamic characteristics of Epitalon, the quantity of physico-chemical and structural investigations of this peptide remains quite limited. This review aims to conclude the most important findings from such studies, thus presenting the current state of knowledge on Epitalon.
Over 50 years ago, in 1973, the term Epithalamin was used for the first time in widely accessible scientific research. It describes a pineal polypeptide extract from cattle, which has been found to have unique properties in in vitro and in vivo experiments [1]. The discovery of the bioactivity of this extract and its first research were mainly led by V.K Khavinson and V.N Anisimov [2]. Since then, Epithalamin has been widely studied, including in clinical trials, showing a normalizing effect on the basic functions of the human organism and, as a result, establishing it as a geroprotective agent [3]. Despite the publication of several reviews of Epithalamin [4,5,6,7], to the best of our knowledge, none specifically concentrate on Epitalon.
Epitalon, also known as Epithalon or Epithalone, is a tetrapeptide that was developed on the basis of the amino acids composition of Epithalamin [8]. For many years, the presence of Epitalon in the human body remained unconfirmed, until 2017, when it was detected for the first time in physiological pineal gland extract [9]. This explains why Epitalon has similar properties to Epithalamin, but differs in the intensity of some actions [10,11]. It should be noted that some authors do not use this common name of Epitalon and refer only to its primary structure—AEDG. This name highlights the fact that Epitalon is a tetrapeptide consisting of Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly (AEDG) amino acids bound through α-peptide bonds (Figure 1a). Interestingly, in one article, where the antioxidant properties of Epitalon were investigated, the authors presented a different chemical structure of Epitalon, composed of the same amino acids but bonded in a different way [12]. In this work, the peptide bond between glutamic acid and aspartic acid was through the δ-carboxylic group and the peptide bond between aspartic acid and glycine was made by the γ-carboxylic group (Figure 1b). The authors named this variant of Epitalon Ala—γ Glu—γ Asp—Gly, which indicates a potential naming mistake. However, this structure of “double-gamma bonded” Epitalon is rather an exception, as we have not encountered it in any other of the published works.
None of our HGH lines are inherently better than the other. Each batch comes with a corresponding test report. Purity and dimer can be a decent proxy for “quality”, you want purity as high as possible and dimer as low as possible. The main factor to consider in our opinion, is the price per IU. Supreme is usually the best bang for buck option. Historically, Supreme & Deluxe have shown lower dimer content, although this may not always be the case, so of course reference the corresponding test reports.
For HGH, we typically recommend 1ml for every ~10 IU in the vial. If a batch tests at an average of 290 IU per kit, that is an average of 29 IU per vial, and we’d recommend 2.9ml of bacteriostatic water. This will make the syringe math similar to a traditional 100 iu kit with 1ml of solution For peptide reconstituion, you can use our amazing Dosage Calculator.
Not necessarily. If you look through all our lab reports, particularly the ones with multiple test reports in a single batch, you will see that the intra-batch variance can actually be quite high. When you purchase a batch, you can expect some of the vials in your kit to be as much as 5-15% +/- whatever the corresponding lab test reflects. This is simply the reality of product that is not made to the same standards as pharmaceutical grade growth hormone. To state otherwise would be disingenous. There can also be a high variance in the dimer content intra-batch. (For Example: Economy B, Deluxe A, etc) Over time, we’ve increased the volume of samples analyzed for each batch, to provide more transparancy regarding the potential for intra-batch variance. If you use the average IU figure provided on each product, your dosage should average out over time, so don’t overthink your administration protocol too much. We know it can be a bit overwhelming with all the different numbers provided. That said, don’t hesitate to reach out if you need specific guidance on dosage or reconstitution.
Yes! We offer store credit for quantitative testing of total IU/Purity (ie Janoshik testing), and for personal IGF-1 test results. Please email for more information. *TERMS APPLY*
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DSIP can stand for Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide, a neuropeptide that regulates sleep and stress, or Data Science for Industry and Physics, a research unit at FBK. Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide is known for promoting slow-wave sleep and has potential neuroprotective and stress-reducing effects, while the DSIP research unit develops solutions for time-series analysis, precipitation nowcasting, and early warning systems.
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SNAP peptides (such as SNAP-8), also known as acetyl octapeptide-3, are anti-aging ingredients used in skincare products. They achieve a similar effect to Botox by relaxing facial muscles and reducing the appearance of expression lines. They work by inhibiting the neurotransmitters that cause muscle contraction, making the skin smoother while also providing moisturizing effects and improving skin texture and elasticity.
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Tirzepatide is a cutting-edge dual incretin agonist that mimics both GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) — two key hormones involved in regulating blood sugar, satiety, and energy balance. This unique mechanism allows for enhanced appetite suppression, improved insulin sensitivity, and significant fat loss when combined with proper nutrition and lifestyle protocols.
Available as a lyophilized powder, Tirzepatide requires reconstitution prior to use.
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